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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wiesbaden, d. 30. 4. 26.
Lieber Karl!
Deinen lieben Brief vom 13. haben wir heute
Morgen erhalten. Vielen Dank für dein liebes
Bild, wir haben dich alle noch gekannt, hast
Dich nach unserer Ansicht noch nicht verändert.
Bei uns ist es heute wieder sehr schön warm,
sitze heute zum erstenmal im großen Zimmer
u. schreibe sogar bei offenem Fenster. Auch bei
Euch wird es unter dessen wohl warm ge-
worden sein, die Ostern war es hier so warm
wie mitten im Sommer, doch die ganze Zeit
nach Ostern war es sehr kühl. Diesen Monat
bekommen wir 94 rsp. 90&amp;#160;% Miete. Davon sind 36
Hauszinssteuer. Da schimpfen die Mieter schön.
Der alte Mehl war so unverschämt wegen der
15 Mark Licht, trotzdem wir ihnen diese Woche
die Küche haben machen lassen. Ritterlings
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, April 30, 1926, p. 1</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 2: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Küche ist auch gemacht worden. … lassen
ihre selbst machen. Vater hat die Torfahrt jetzt
wieder in Ordnung. Da er nichts zutun hat
hat er die hintere Torfart sammt den Toren
gestrichen, auch im Hof sämmtliche Türen u.
Fenster an den Werkstätten. Die vordere Tor-
fart haben wir schön abgewaschen, da soll
der Endres den Sockel ausbessern u. auch die
Holzfarben am mittleren Tor, dann ist wieder
alles in Ordnung. Damit hoffen wir für dieses
Jahr als wieder einmal genug getan zu
haben. In Nordenstadt wird eben mit aller
Macht an der Heirat geschafft. Im Winter hat
die Tante ja schon immer davon gesprochen, als
würde das Mädchen alle zehn Finger danach
lecken, wenn nur Wilhelm wollte. Das scheint
aber doch nicht so gewesen zu sein. Die Frl. Weigel
hat dem Mädchen garnicht gesagt, weshalb sie
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, April 30, 1926, p. 2</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 3: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;nach Nordenstadt eingeladen war, erst auf dem
Hinnweg hat sie es ihr gesagt. Darauf hat
das Mädchen es der Schelte Anna welche auch
in Frankfurt ist erzählt u. diese ihr dann auch
gesagt, daß Petter schon wegen ihrer Schwester
Minna gefragt hat. Der Petter schrieb jetzt im
Auftrag der Tante einen sehr rührenden Brief
nach Allendorf an die Eltern, u. fragte an ob
er den Sonntag nach Ostern hinkommen könne
um die Sache entgültig zu ordnen. Darauf er-
hielten sie einen Brief worinnen stand unter
anderem, sie die Eltern hätten nichts dagegen
doch ihre Tochter könnte sich nicht so schnell
dazu entscheiden, u. auch sicher was die Schelte
Anna gesagt hat. Darauf ließ die Alte zu Hause
alles stehen u. liegen u. fuhr nach Frankfurt um
Wilhelms Glück zu retten. Den Sonntag darauf
mußte Wilhelm nach Frankfurt u. am Sonn-
tag war der Alte in Allendorf. Was es gegeben
hat wissen wir noch nicht, doch sagte Ernst, die
Verlobung sei in Nordenstadt u. die Hochzeit in
Allendorf.
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 4: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Die Eltern von dem Mädchen kennen Wilhelm doch
noch gar nicht, da fragen sie draußen auch nichts
danach, sie brauchen eine Stallmagd wie H.
Kurz gesagt hat, u. daß die Mutter Hilfe be-
kommt, wovon die Jungen leben sollen ist al-
les Nebensache. Sie haben gerade noch so wenig
Geld wie voriges Jahr, geben im halben Jahr
5 Mark Kirchensteuer u.s.w. Luischen soll
wieder nach Haus, es will aber nicht da Will-
helm sehr schön zu tun hat auf Pfingsten, doch
ihr Vater wollte sie trotzdem mitbringen. Über
ihren Karl ist Petter sehr bös, da er garnicht
schreibt auch nicht auf seinen Geburtstag, Lenchen
schreibt auch nicht genug, neulich sagte er
zu unserem Vater, es sei ihm leid, daß er
so Kinder großgezogen hätte. Er will mit
seinen Briefen von den Kindern so im Dorf her-
um gehen u. renommieren. Von Anfang hat Len-
als Briefe geschrieben, wo man garnicht wußte
was man dazu sagen sollte, sie flossen gerade
über von Dankbarkeit, für die über große Liebe
(wörtlich)
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 5:]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;die es zu Hause erfahren hätte. Wenn man
denkt wie die Mädchen von zu Hause fort sind
da muß man den Kopf schütteln, sie werden
es schon noch merken. Gestern war auch Wilhelm
von Bechtheim hier. Minchen liegt noch fest im
Bett, bekommt auch wieder ein Kind. Er hat jetzt
seine Schwiegereltern bei sich auch eine Magd u.
Knecht, wie er das nur fertig bringt. Pfingsten
will ich u. Johanna nach Stenden, da ist der
große Sängertag. Pfr. Nickel kommt erst noch
einmal her, ehe es mach Stenden geht. Theo Müller
ist vor 14 Tagen nach Berlin aufs Seminar.
Sie sagen immer noch Heini käme wieder um hier
zu studieren, Volkswirtschaft. Der kleine Litzinger
hat ausgelernt u. hat heute eine Stelle angetreten
in Crefeld. Hätte er sonst etwas gelernt, so wäre
er auch arbeitslos. Es ist hier noch viel schlechter
geworden, Schreiner u. Schlosser haben gar nichts
zu tun, wo für die Arbeit herkommen soll weiß
kein Mensch. Eine Lehrstelle zu bekommen ist eine
Kunst, manche Städte wollen die Kinder 9 Jahre
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, April 30, 1926, p. 5</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 6: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;in der Schule lassen damit sie nicht als mehr auf
der Straße liegen. Wenn ich das alles ansehe, dann
bin ich froh, daß Ihr doch Euren Lebensunter-
halt verdient, wenn du an Kleider etwas
nötig hast, kannst du es dir doch kaufen,
Wenn Ihr draußen seid zum vermessen fahrt Ihr
da Abends heim oder bleibt Ihr sonstwo. Du
bist umgezogen schreibst du, zu was für einer
Kirche gehört denn der Lehrer der bei dir wohnte
Bist du noch mit dem Essen zufrieden? Jetzt
wird wohl auch Willy sein Auto bald bekommen
dann hat ja jeder eines, wenn er es aber auch
immer vertauschen will wie Karl, dann
wird er sein Geld auch los. Das wird er wohl
nicht tun. Bei Karl ist das ja erblich. Wenn
Du nach Forest kommst so grüße sie alle von
uns, auch alle andern u. Willy, er wird wohl
auch bald wieder schreiben. Bei uns geht es sonst
noch gut, was ich auch von dir hoffe. Sei
vielmals gegrüßt von uns allen besonders
von deiner dichliebenden Mutter.
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                  <text>This collection contains letters sent to Karl Emmel of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the bulk of which were written by his parents Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, with additional letters written by Karl Emmel's sister Johanna. Karl Emmel immigrated to the United States in 1925. His parents, Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, of Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau, wrote lengthy letters to their son almost every month until they also chose to immigrate to the United States in 1927. In 1937, the couple returned to Germany and lived there until their deaths. Between 1937 and 1941 they once again took up the habit of writing a letter each month to their son in the United States. The final letter in this collection was written in 1945, just after the end of World War II in Europe.&#13;
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The early group of letters describe Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel's preparations for migrating to the United States. In the second group of letters, their experiences of living with rationing and making do in the context of war are primary themes.</text>
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                  <text>Ruth Emmel</text>
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              <text>Ilse Baker</text>
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              <text>[&lt;em&gt;Partial translation&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;30 April 1926 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[…]It was very warm here at Easter, just like in mid-summer. […] This month, we are receiving 90% in rental fees, 36 of which are apartment rent. The renters are all complaining loudly […] Old Mehl got very impudent over the 15 marks he needed to pay for his electricity bill, even though we just renovated their kitchen this week. We did Ritterlings’ kitchen as well. […]Father also repaired the front of the entrance gate. Since he had nothing else to do, he painted the entrance and gate as well as all the doors and windows of the shops facing the courtyard. We washed down the entire front of the entrance gate, too.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Nordenstadt, they are moving heaven and earth to make the wedding happen. All through the winter, Aunt has been talking as if the girl was dying to get married to Wilhelm and as if it was just a question of whether Wilhelm wanted to marry her. The former does not seem to be the case, however. Miss Weigel had not told the girl why she was invited to Nordenstadt. She did not say anything until they were on their way home. Consequently, the girl talked to Anna Schelde, who also lives in Frankfurt, and learned from her that Petter had previously asked about her sister Minna on his son’s behalf. After that, following Aunt’s orders, Petter sent a very moving letter to the parents in Allendorf. In it, he asked whether he could come and see them on Sunday after Easter in order to straighten everything out once and for all. In response, Petter and Aunt received a letter saying – among other things – that they, the parents, were not against it, but that their daughter needed more time to decide. I am quite sure that they also mentioned what Anna Schelde had told the girl. Following that, Petter dropped everything and traveled to Frankfurt to save his son’s happiness. On the following Sunday, Wilhelm was sent to Frankfurt, and last Sunday Petter was in Allendorf. We do not know any details yet, but Ernst did tell us that the engagement will be celebrated in Nordenstadt and the wedding in Allendorf. The girl’s parents have not even met Wilhelm yet. Petter and Aunt, however, do not seem to care much about that. They need a milkmaid, as H. Kurz expressed it, and Aunt needs help as well. Whether the young couple will be able to make a living is of minor importance. The family has just as little money as last year; they pay 5 marks in church tax every six months, etc. Little Luise is supposed to come home again, but does not want to do so because Wilhelm will have a lot of work waiting by Pentecost. But her father wants to bring her back anyway. Petter is quite mad at their son Karl because he does not write at all, not even for Petter’s birthday. Lenchen does not write often enough, either. Recently, Petter told Father that he was fed up with the way his children had turned out. Nevertheless, he wants to go around the village and show off the letters of his children. Right at the beginning, Lenchen started writing letters that seemed quite puzzling to us. They overflowed with gratitude and with professions of the exceptional love (literally) she had received from her parents. Think about the way the girls left their home, and you can only shake your head. Sooner or later they will realize how things really are.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Wilhelm from Bechtheim was here as well yesterday. Minchen still needs plenty of bed rest; in addition, she is expecting again. Wilhelm now has his parents-in-law living with him as well as a maid and a farmhand. How does he do it? On Whitsunday, Johanna and I intend to go to Steeden to attend a big choral festival. Reverend Nickel is coming here again before going to Steeden.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Theo Müller left for the seminary in Berlin two weeks ago. We are still hearing that Heini is coming back to study economics here. […] The situation has become much worse yet. Carpenters and metalworkers cannot find any work whatsoever[…]finding an apprenticeship placement is virtually impossible […] some cities are considering making 9 years of schooling mandatory in order to keep the young people off the streets […] Seeing all this, I am glad that at least you are able to make a living. If you need new clothes, at least you can buy some […] you moved; which church did you join? […] Do you still like the food there? Soon, Willy will get his car as well. Then you will both have one. However, if he starts trading in his cars all the time – like Karl does – he will lose money in a hurry. I guess he knows better than that. With Karl it is hereditary as we know. Kindest regards to all of you, Mother.</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wiesbaden, d. 18.5.26.
Lieber Karl.
Deinen lieben Brief vom 27.4. haben wir er-
halten mit den beiden hübschen Bildchen, die 
Häuser darauf sehen gerade aus wie hier
die neuen Siedlungshäuser. Hier bei uns haben
die Siedlungen doch keine große Zukunft. Wie
man hört würden manche schon gern wieder
verkaufen, wenn sich Liebhaber finden würden.
Auch sind die Häuschen zu teuer, es muß
einer schon ein gutes Einkommen haben, um
monatlich 100 Mark bezahlen zu können. So
viel sollen die Abzahlungen betragen. Es werden
ja als noch immer welche gebaut an der
Bahnstraße. Die Häuser an der Kiedricherstr.
sind jetzt auch soweit, daß die Schreinerarbeit
vergeben werden soll. Daß wird wieder ein
Kampf werden um das bißchen Arbeit.
Von den 168 Schreiner haben vielleicht nur
5-6 etwas zu tun, die andern aber auch
gar nichts. Daß es bei uns auch so ist kannst
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, May 18, 1926, p. 1</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 2: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Du dir denken. Vater geht schon die ganzen
Wochen, auch so herum und weiß nicht was
er tun soll. Vorige Woche war Herrmann
als einmal zu Hause geblieben weil man
gar nicht weiß was er tun soll. So geht es
ja der großen Mehrzahl unseres Volkes, sie
werden ganz von der Arbeit abgewöhnt,
hauptsächlich die jungen Leute lernen nichts
u. leben nur von der arbeitslosen Unterstützung.
Darum wird es auch hier nicht besser. Die Reg-
ierung will es auch gar nicht anders, solange
die Wirtschaft noch ging, wußten sie garnicht
was sie ihr für Steuern aufhängen sollten,
jetzt hört bei vielen das Steuerzahlen auf
weil sie nichts mehr haben. Was sind wir so
froh für dich, daß Du doch Beschäftigung hast,
hier hättest Du nie etwas gefunden. Wie
man hört lassen sie auf den Schulen (Bingen)
die meisten durchfallen weil sie doch keine
Stellen für sie haben. Bei uns ging es doch 
voriges Jahr noch eher, aber jetzt ist es so schlecht
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 3&amp;#160;:]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;wie es noch nicht war. Da ist es gut, daß
wir die Werkstatt vermietet haben, wir haben
doch als die 18 Mark. Am meisten Sorge machen
wir uns um Johanna, was sollen wir nur
mit der einmal anfangen. Ich hätte sie ja gerne
etwas kochen u. Haushalt lernen lassen, aber
dafür haben wir kein Geld, u. in eine Stelle
gehen lassen, mögen wir auch nicht gern. Wir
haben jetzt in unserm Haushalt auch nicht viel
Arbeit, da gehen wir alle herum u. regen uns
auf u. machen uns Gedanken. Doch wollen wir
alles dem lieben Gott befehlen, der wird wohl
auch dafür Rat wissen. Am nächsten Sonntag
die Pfingsten gehen ich u. Johanna nach Stenden
dort ist der große Sängertag, am Donners-
tag kommt Pfr. Nickel um dem Chor den
letzten Schliff zu geben. Wir sind einmal
neugierig ob alles klappt u. keiner um-
fällt. Vater muß zu Hause bleiben und
das Haus hüten. Hast Du unterdessen den
Beuerbacher Karl gesehen u. hat er unser
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[ page 4: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Paketchen gut hingebracht&amp;#160;? und hat er
wieder Arbeit gefunden? Der kleine Karl
wohnt ja nicht mehr in Dietrichs? Er hat an
seine Schwester Luischen geschrieben, als sei
er nur gut zum Präsente machen u. sonst
hielte Maria nicht zu ich. Lenchen scheint auch
nicht so sehr geglückt zu sein, sie schrieb Jo-
hanna auch letzte Woche aber nur über das
schlechte Wetter u.s.w. Sie soll sich nur in ihr
Los finden u. fleißig ihrer Arbeit nach gehen.
Denn Ilusionen die sie sich gemacht hat gehen
doch nicht in Erfüllung, auch nicht wenn sie
hier einen Mann gefunden hätte. Sonst
Neues gibt es hier nicht viel. Was macht Willy
ich warte schon jeden Tag auf einen Brief
von ihm, wollte ihm dann auch noch vor
Pfingsten schreiben. Grüße ihn von uns u. er
soll sich wieder einmal hören lassen. Grüße
Emmels May u. Lenchen u. alle andern
u. sei auch Du herzlich gegrüßt von
uns allen besonders von 
deiner dichliebenden 
Mutter.
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                  <text>This collection contains letters sent to Karl Emmel of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the bulk of which were written by his parents Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, with additional letters written by Karl Emmel's sister Johanna. Karl Emmel immigrated to the United States in 1925. His parents, Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, of Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau, wrote lengthy letters to their son almost every month until they also chose to immigrate to the United States in 1927. In 1937, the couple returned to Germany and lived there until their deaths. Between 1937 and 1941 they once again took up the habit of writing a letter each month to their son in the United States. The final letter in this collection was written in 1945, just after the end of World War II in Europe.&#13;
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              <text>[&lt;em&gt;Partial translation&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;18 May 1926&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We received your letter dated the 27th of April with the pretty photos.  [...] The houses in the pictures look just like our local subdivision houses. These subdivisions won’t have much of a future here. […] Some people already want to sell their house again, as soon as they can find someone who likes them […] The houses are overpriced as well. You need to have a sizeable income to be able to pay 100 marks per month. They are still building them on Lahnstrasse, however. The houses on Kiedricherstrasse are now finished to the point where the carpentry jobs can be awarded. I can just imagine the battle over that little bit of work. Out of 168 carpenters, maybe 5 to 6 have some work; the rest has nothing. I am sure you can picture the same old situation over here. Father has been walking around aimlessly for weeks, not knowing what to do [.…] Most people are in the same boat; they are no longer used to working. Especially the young people are no longer learning a trade. Instead, they are living off their unemployment payments. The government does not want it any other way. As long as the economy was still doing fine, the government was collecting exorbitant amounts in taxes. Now, many people have stopped paying taxes altogether because they have nothing left. I can’t tell you how glad we are that you are employed […]  Rumor has it that the schools are failing the majority of the graduates since there are no jobs for them anyway […] It is good that we rented out the shop. At least, we get the 18 marks regularly. We are most worried about Johanna. What on earth should we do with her? I would have liked to have her learn how to cook and keep house, but we do not have the money for that. We do not like the idea of having her work for someone, either. […] Next Sunday is Whitsunday, and Johanna and I will go to Steeden. We will attend a big choral festival there. On Thursday, Reverend Nickel will come and help our choir add some finishing touches […]  Father will have to stay home and watch the house.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[…] Little Karl no longer lives with the Dietrichs? He wrote his sister Luise that he felt as if he was only good enough as long as he was giving presents and that, beyond that, Maria really did not really appreciate him. Lenchen does not seem to be all that happy, either. She wrote to Johanna last week, but only mentioned the bad weather, etc. She will just have to accept her lot and do her work diligently.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lenchen has had some unrealistic ideas. However, these ideas always end in disappointment. Things would have been no different had she found a husband here […] How is Willy doing? Every day, I hope to get a letter from him […] My kindest regards to […] Mother.</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Wiesbaden, d. 23.6.26.
Lieber Karl!
Auch ich will dir noch einiges schreiben. Über die
Bilder haben wir uns sehr gefreut, u. haben auch
dadurch gesehen wie gut es Euch geht. Dafür sind wir
dem lieben Gott großen Dank schuldig, manchmal
kann man gar nicht glauben, daß es möglich war, 
daß Du als Deutscher dort drüben in so eine Stelle 
kommen konntest. Da sieht man wie der liebe Gott
über all hilft. Vergiß es ja nicht, daß alles Gute
von oben kommt u. sei dem lieben Gott recht
dankbar dafür. Hier hättest Du so etwas doch nicht
gefunden. Hier haben nur Beamte u. Pensionäre
u. einige Geschäftsleute Lebensmöglichkeiten. Die
ganze Wirtschaft ist hier ganz systematisch zu-
grunde gerichtet worden. Wir hörten vorige Woche
einen Vortrag im Haus u. Grundbesitzverein von
dem Landtagsabgeordneten Ladendorf über die ent-
schädigungslose Enteignung der Fürstenvermögen
da haben wir so erst einmal das wahre Gesicht
unserer Regierung gesehen. Er sagte unter anderem 
das [unlesbar]
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[page 2: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;tragen werden als unter der jetzigen Regierung,
so eine Regierung würde in England noch nicht
24 Stunden bestehen. Unter anderem sagte er auch
unser Staat habe von aller wirtschaftlichen
Produktion 60% an sich gerissen. Das ist
die Sozialisierung. Wäre der Volksentscheid am
Sonntag durch gegangen, so wäre auch der Haus-
besitz daran gekommen. Dem Reichstag liegt ein
Gesetz vor, von den Bodenrefomen, was alle
Grundrente aufheben soll, das ist jedes persöhnliche
Recht, an Häuser u. Grundstück soll der Allge-
meinheit zufallen. Ich schicke dir einmal einen
Artikel aus dem Gewerbeblatt mit von dem Hand-
werkertag in Schierstein, wie es bei uns zugeht.
Wir Hausbesitzer bezahlen ⅓ aller Steuern von
jetzt 40 prozent Hauszinssteuer u. wenn wir
jetzt 100% bekommen, so fallen uns wieder
nur 2% zu u. die Miete darf nicht mehr erhöht
werden bis zum 1. April 27. Für uns bleibt
nichts als nur Sorgen u. Lasten. Am ersten haben
wir über 300 Mark Steuern vom Haus zu bezahlen
das ist allerhand. Gerade so ist es in der Landwirtschaft
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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[page 3: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;40 bis 50% von allem Einkommen wird weg gesteuert.
In Nordenstadt ist es auch wieder schlecht. Er läuft
auch wieder nach Geld. Denn von den par Morgen
Land können sie doch nicht leben. Das macht auch
Wilhlem so kaput. Sein Vater versteht das nicht.
Wenn sie doch so nicht herum kommen können
wie soll es erst werden wenn Wilhelm verhei-
ratet ist. Die Tante sagt sie dankte jeden Tag
dem lieben Gott, daß Lieschen fort u. verheiratet
sei. Das kannst du ihm auch einmal sagen
wenn es Heimweh hat. Es soll sich zufrieden
geben mit dem was es hat, denn hier ist
es nicht mehr schön. Die Landleute haben ja
Arbeit genug. Wir dagegen gehen zum drit-
ten hier herum u. schämen uns vor uns selber.
Das weißt du ja wie es voriges Jahr mit
dir war. Wenn der Mensch keine Arbeit hat
ist er nicht zufrieden. Jetzt wo wir noch ge-
sund sind könnten wir noch arbeiten, wo mög-
lich müssen wir es, wenn wir nicht mehr
können. Doch nun genug davon. Wenn es Gottes
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[page 4: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wille ist so kann er es auch ändern. Du
schreibst ob wir noch Liebesgaben hätten,
von voriges Jahr ist noch etwas da, wir
haben die letzte Zeit als immer noch etwas
weggegeben. Am letzten Sonntag war wieder
einmal Gemeindeversammlung, wie immer
über das Geben, die Gemeinde soll sich selbst-
ständig machen da soll 40-50%mehr
aufgebracht werden. Wir haben immer noch
10 Mark gegeben aber 15 ist ausgeschlossen.
Das gibt immer viel Verbitterung unter den
Gemeindegliedern, weil jeder dem andern
vorhält er müßte mehr geben. Wir wagen
uns schon gar nicht mehr mit jemand zusam-
men zukommen, daß man nicht davon
zureden brauch. Du kennst ja hier die Ver-
hältnisse auch. Ich will nun schließen will
Willy auch noch schreiben. Grüße alle Be-
kannte Max Lenchen, Emmels u. Paul
u. alle andern u. sei auch du vielmals
gegrüßt von deiner dichliebenden
Mutter.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains letters sent to Karl Emmel of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the bulk of which were written by his parents Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, with additional letters written by Karl Emmel's sister Johanna. Karl Emmel immigrated to the United States in 1925. His parents, Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, of Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau, wrote lengthy letters to their son almost every month until they also chose to immigrate to the United States in 1927. In 1937, the couple returned to Germany and lived there until their deaths. Between 1937 and 1941 they once again took up the habit of writing a letter each month to their son in the United States. The final letter in this collection was written in 1945, just after the end of World War II in Europe.&#13;
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              <text>Ilse Baker</text>
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              <text>[&lt;em&gt;Partial translation&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;23 June 1926 [Mother]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; […] We were very happy about the pictures you sent us. It is obvious that you are doing well. We thank our dear Lord for that. Sometimes, I still find it hard to believe that you were able to find this kind of employment as a German. This certainly shows how the Lord can help anywhere. Do not ever forget that all good things come from above and be grateful to the Lord. You certainly would not have found this kind of work in our area. Here, only civil servants, retired civil servants, and a handful of businessmen have the means to make a decent living. In these parts, the entire economy has been destroyed systematically. Last week, at the Association of Landlords and Landowners, we heard a speech given by State Parliament Representative [Carl] Ladendorff. We got to see the true face of our government when the speech turned to the expropriation of the assets of the nobility without compensation. […] In England, a government like this would not last for 24 hours. Among other things, he said that our government has already taken over 60% of the country’s production. That is nationalization. If the referendum on Sunday had passed, house ownership would have been targeted next. Our parliament is currently discussing a bill drafted by the land reformers, which calls for the elimination of all ground rents. The purpose of this bill is to transfer all individually owned house and land titles to the public. […] As house owners, we pay 1/3 of all taxes with our rent tax, which now amounts to 40%. Should the amount now get raised to 100%, all we would be left with is 2%. In addition, we are not allowed to raise rental fees until April 1st, 1927. All we have left at this point is worries and financial burdens. On the 1st, we will have to pay over 300 marks from our house income. […]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Things are bad again in Nordenstadt as well. He is running around again, asking people for money, for they cannot live off their few acres of land. This is bothering Wilhelm considerably as well. His father does not understand it, however. But how will they be able to manage once Wilhelm is married if they are already struggling to make ends meet? Aunt says she thanks the good Lord every day for Lenchen being married and away from home. Why don’t you tell Lenchen that when she feels homesick. She should be content with what she has, for it certainly is no longer nice over here.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The country folk do have enough work. The three of us, however, walk around here and feel ashamed of ourselves. I am sure you can relate to that since you felt the same way last year. When people are without work, they are not happy. Now that we are healthy yet, we could still work. Who knows, we might need to work when we no longer have the ability. […] You are wondering whether there is anything left of the things you sent us. We still have a few things from last year; we also have been giving away a few things here and there recently. Last Sunday, we had another municipal assembly. As usual, the discussion focused on contributions since the municipality is supposed to become independent. We are supposed to raise 40 to 50% more. We still contributed our 10 marks; paying 15 marks is out of the question. This always causes a lot of embitterment among the members of the assembly because every one of them accuses the others of not contributing enough. We are at the point where we avoid running into anyone, out of fear of having to discuss the issue. You know how it is around here […] Say hello to all our friends, to Max, Lenchen, the Emmels, and Paul. My regards to you as well […]  your loving mother.</text>
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                <text>Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau</text>
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, July 13, 1926, p. 1</text>
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&lt;!-- Please begin transcribing below this line. --&gt;</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Wiesbaden, den 13.7.26.
Lieber Karl!
Deinen lieben Brief vom 26.6. haben wir erhalten
Auch vielen Dank dafür, die vielen Bilder haben
uns gefreut, dadurch können wir uns doch unge-
fähr ein Bild von der Gegend machen. Die Kirsch-
bäume sind wie es scheint Zwergbäume da sie so
keine hohen Stämme haben wie hier, brauchen auch
sicher zum entwickeln nicht so lange Zeit wie
hier die hohen Bäume. Jetzt werden wohl bei
Euch auch die Kirschen reif geworden sein. Hier
gehen sie schon zu Ende, sie haben 35-50 Pfg. ge-
kostet das Pfd. Johannisbeeren waren billig 14 Pfg.
Von 50 Pfund haben wir Wein gemacht, dazu haben
Willys 5 dollar garnicht. Vom ersten ab gibt es
100% Miete u. noch 3%mehr für Steuern welche
umgelegt werden müssen. Ich schrieb schon von der
175% städtischer Grundsteuer. 100 sind in der Miete
entfallen u. 75% sind gleich 3% der Miete müssen
umgelegt werden. Jetzt haben wir 40% Haus-
zinssteuern vorläufig. Im Reichstag haben wieder
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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[page 2: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;fast alle Parteien auch die bürgerlichen gegen die
Aufhebung der Zwangswirtschaft gestimmt. Um
nun die Miete vor dem 1 April 27 nicht zuerhöhen
dürfen die Steuern umgelegt werden, du fragst
was macht H. Bender mit der Hausverwaltung
hier war die ganze Zeit großer Krieg in der
Gemeinde. Wir sollen jetzt selbständig werden
dazu soll eigentlich jeder 40-50% mehr geben. Dabei
sind sie H. Bender auch aufs Dach gestiegen. Er be-
kommt jetzt nur monatlich 20 Mark für die Ver-
waltung. Reinigen u. alles soll eingeschränkt
werden, wie wir hörten kommt aber immer noch nicht
genug zusammen, wie es gedreht wird wissen wir
nicht, die Beute mit gutem Einkommen werden
wohl die geforderten Prozente mehr geben aber auch
nicht mehr, u. die andern sind froh wenn sie ihren
alten Beitrag geben können. Der Steedener Pfr.
war ja hier als Visitator um H. Bender zu bekehren.
Er wollte nämlich alles hinwerfen. Bei sonst allen
Mängeln sind viele schöne Worte gebraucht
worden, sonst wird wohl alles beim Alten bleiben.
Pfr. Wende unterrichtet jetzt die kleinen Kinder um H. Pfr.
zu entlasten.
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[page 3: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am Sonntag d. 11. waren wir in Nordenstadt, da
wurde Wilhelms Verlobung gefeiert. Die Allen-
dorfer haben sich doch bereden lassen. Am 19 Sep-
tember soll dann die Hochzeit sein u. zwar in Allen-
dorf. Ich sah die Braut am Sonntag zum erstenmal.
Sie ist nicht das was eine Bauersfrau sein soll,
nämlich nicht sehr kräftig, ist sehr schmal, blond
ganz hübsch angezogen u. hat den Mund auf dem
rechten Fleck. Ewalds waren alle da die Eltern
der Braut u.s.w. Wir haben Bilder gemacht wenn
sie geraden so schicken wir Euch eines. Lenchen
soll sie ja kenne. Was nun Johannas Brief an
Lenchen betrifft, so hat Johanna als sie Pfingsten
in Steeden war mit der Emmricher Lydia u.
dem Minchen aus Aummerau gesprochen denen Lenchen
große Hoffnung auf hinüberkommen gemacht hat.
Auch hat Onkel in Nordenstadt sich in Minchens Hei-
rat gemengt u. sie mußte dem jungen Mann
absagen u. sollte nach Amerika. Die Alten in Norden-
stadt hatten bei der Verwandtschaft Lenchens Heirat
sehr gelobt nun kam Lenchens kalter Brief an die
Mädchen, worinnen es unter anderem geschrieben hat
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 4: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;als sollten sie froh sein daß sie zu Hause sein
können u. es auch nicht das gefunden hätte
was es sich gedacht hätte. Lenchen ist durch sein
Schreiben schuld daran daß die Mädchen meinen
es sei eingegangen. Wir haben von Nordenstadt
noch nichts von Lenchen gehört nach den ersten Lob-
preisungen. Auch am Sonntagmorgen kam ein Brief
von ihm. Davon wurde nur gesagt, daß August
in Green-Bay sei bei Karl in der Bäckerei. Hier
aus Wiesbaden aus unserer Nachbarschaft sind
mehre Mädchen nach Amerika, welche sich dort
sehr gut verheiratet haben, u. nicht mehr nach
Deutschland wollen, daß sich natürlich nicht alle
dort wohlfühlen, kann man begreifen, es ist ja
auch nicht ein Mensch wie der andere. Als in Nor-
denstadt so sehr gegen Minchen Scheus Heirat ge-
redet wurde u. es mit Gewalt fortgeschafft
werden sollte, habe ich mehrere male dagegen
gesprochen, weil Minchen zu alt ist u. nichts
weiter gesehen u. gehört hat. Wenn dagegen ein
Mädchen erst 20 Jahre ist u. sich dort drüben
einleben will, so denke ich daß das möglich ist.
Hier geht es immer so weiter, geschäftlich ist gar
nichts los. Herrmann macht eben einen Tisch, den
wollen wir Wilhelm zur Hochzeit schenken. Sonst
ist schon wochenlang noch kein Stuhl zuleimen. Die letzten
2 viertel Jahr war unser Einkommen 250-300 Mark.
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, July 13, 1926, p. 5</text>
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[page 5: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Anbetracht der schlechten Zeiten u. da es für
Johanna doch nicht ausbleibt daß sie sich nach einem 
Verdienst umsehen muß haben wir uns entschlossen
sie irgendwohin zu schicken zum Herbst. Ich habe an
eine Haushaltungsschule wo sie kochen backen ein-
machen u. sonstiges Hausarbeiten lernen kann gedacht.
So zu Hause bleiben kann sie nicht, da sie ganz
trübselig wird. Auch muß sie lernen sich unter
Menschen bewegen was sie alles bei uns
nicht kann. Wenn noch einige Jahre herum
sind so ist es zu spät u. ich möchte mir doch
später keine Vorwürfe machen lassen. Jetzt
möchte ich dich bitten einmal mit Willy zu
sprechen ab es Euch möglich wäre, vom Herbst
ab monatlich 10 Dollar jeder, vielleicht ein
Jahr lang uns für Johann zu schicken. Es
ist uns jetzt unter der Zwangswirtschaft nicht
möglich unser Haus weiter zu beleihen. Frau [?]
sagte mir nämlich von ihrer [?] Verwandten
seien Mädchen in Heggenheim gewesen was 1000
Mark gekostet hätte. Wir wissen ja noch nichts
bestimmtes doch wird so etwas schon soviel
kosten. H. Bender geht 14 Tage nach Schadeck
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, July 13, 1926, p. 6</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[page 6: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;will dann für uns einmal in Runkel sich
erkundigen. Schreibe mir dann im nächsten Brief
ob es Euch möglich ist. Wie ist es denn mit deinem 
Gehalt erhälst du immer noch dasselbe?
Habt Ihr in Eurem Büro zum Frühjahr noch
Leute eingestellt oder bist du noch der letzte
der angenommen wurde? Walther Ewald will
auch nach Amerika. Er ist eben Reisender in
elektrischen Lampen. Er scheint auch nichts so be-
sonderes zu haben. Er sprach nämlich am Sonntag
sehr angelegentlich mit Pfr. Eickmaier. Heini
Müller will herüber kommen u. auch hier studieren.
Ob es klug tut fragt sich. Hier unterzukommen ist
nicht möglich. Wir haben [8] Millionen Arbeitslose
welche unterstützt werden ohne die Vielen die
keine Unterstützung bekommen. H. Ewald meinte
man wüßte nicht ob nicht alles noch einmal zu-
sammenbrechen würde. Ein jeder sagt so kann
es nicht weiter gehen u. doch geht es als weiter
u. wird immer schlechter. Wir schicken dir ein Bild
vom Steedener Sängerfest, für Willy haben wir
auch eines eine andere Aufnahme. Diese schicken wir
ihm im nächsten Brief. Laß Willy den Brief lesen
u. seid alle beide herzlich gegrüßt von uns allen
Grüßt Emmels u. alle Bekannten besonders von Eurer Euchliebenden
Mutter.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains letters sent to Karl Emmel of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the bulk of which were written by his parents Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, with additional letters written by Karl Emmel's sister Johanna. Karl Emmel immigrated to the United States in 1925. His parents, Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, of Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau, wrote lengthy letters to their son almost every month until they also chose to immigrate to the United States in 1927. In 1937, the couple returned to Germany and lived there until their deaths. Between 1937 and 1941 they once again took up the habit of writing a letter each month to their son in the United States. The final letter in this collection was written in 1945, just after the end of World War II in Europe.&#13;
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                  <text>Ruth Emmel</text>
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              <text>Ilse Baker</text>
            </elementText>
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              <text>[&lt;em&gt;Partial translation&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;13 July 1926 [Mother]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dear Karl […]received your letter dated June 26 […]  we liked the many pictures very much… They give us an idea about what your area looks like. The cherry trees seem to be dwarf trees[…] here, the trunks are higher[…]the price for cherries here was 35 to 50 pfennigs. Blackcurrant was inexpensive, however, 14 pfennigs per pound. We used 50 pounds to make wine; Willy’s $5 were enough to do that […] In the Reichstag, almost all parties, including the middle-class parties, voted against repealing the government control of the economy. This way, rental fees cannot be raised before April 1st, 1927 […] You are asking how H. Bender is doing with the housing management. People here in the municipality have been fighting with each other constantly. We are supposed to become independent, and everyone is expected to pay 40-50% more. Therefore, they went after H. Bender as well. He only receives 20 marks per month for performing his housing management duties now. Cuts are supposed to be made to the cleaning and everything else. However, we heard that the savings are still not sufficient. We don’t know how they are going to do it. I imagine that the people with a decent income will pay the additional percentage requested, but certainly no more. And the others are happy as long as they can afford to pay the old amount. The minister from Steeden came for a visit, in order to make H. Bender convert. He was ready to throw in the towel. But after all the complaints, some nice words could be heard for once. However, everything else will remain the same. Professor Wende is now instructing the young children to lighten the burden on the minister’s shoulders. […]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On Sunday, the 11th, we were in Nordenstadt to celebrate Wilhelm’s engagement. The ones in Allendorf did let themselves be talked into it after all. The wedding is planned for the 19th of September in Allendorf. I met the bride for the first time on Sunday. She does not fit the picture of a farmer’s wife. She is not very strong and very thin. Other than that, she is blond, wore quite a pretty dress, and is very quick-witted. The entire Ewald family was there, the parents of the bride, etc. We took photos; I will send you one if they turn out. Apparently, Lenchen knows the bride. As far as Johanna’s letter to Lenchen is concerned: On Whitsunday, Johanna was in Steeden and talked to Lydia from Ennerich and Minchen from Aumenau and then got Lenchen’s hopes up about coming to America. In addition, Uncle in Nordenstadt meddled in Minchen’s wedding and had her turn down the young man, telling her she needed to go to America instead. When talking to their relatives, the folks in Nordenstadt had spoken very highly of Lenchen’s marriage. Then, Lenchen’s cold letter arrived, in which she wrote – among other things – that the girls should be glad to be at home and that she herself had not found what she had been looking for. Lenchen and her letter are to blame for the girls thinking that things did not turn out well. We have not heard any news about Lenchen from our relatives in Nordenstadt yet – not after the initial praises. On Sunday morning, we received another letter from him, but all he wrote was that August is now in Green Bay, at the bakery with Karl. Several girls from our neighborhood here in Wiesbaden have gone to America, married very well, and no longer want to return to Germany. It is understandable, of course, that not everyone will be happy over there. After all, everybody is different. When the Nordenstadt relatives all voiced their disapproval with Minchen Scheu’s wedding and tried to force her to leave, I often spoke against them. For, Minchen is too old anyway and has never been anywhere or experienced anything. However, if a girl is only 20 years old and wants to start a new life over there, it is possible, I believe. Here, things are still the same; as far as business is concerned, there is nothing going on. Herrmann is in the process of making a table, which we will give to Wilhelm as a wedding present.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Other than that, there hasn’t even been a chair to upholster for weeks.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For the last [&lt;em&gt;illegible&lt;/em&gt;], our income amounted to 250 – 300 marks.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Considering the bad times, Johanna will not get around looking for a job eventually. And so we have decided to send her someplace in the fall. I was thinking of a housekeeping school, where she could learn to cook, bake, sew, and perform other household tasks. She cannot stay at home like this since she gets all gloomy. Besides, she needs to learn to interact with people, which she cannot do here. In a few more years it will be too late. And I would not want to be blamed in the future for failing in this respect. I would like to ask you to discuss this with Willy and to see whether, in the fall, each of you could start sending us $10 per month for about a year to use for Johanna. Currently, with the government-controlled economy, we are unable to mortgage our house any more. Mrs. Bender told me that some daughters of her relatives in Runkel were in [&lt;em&gt;illegible&lt;/em&gt;]&amp;nbsp;and that it cost 1,000 marks. We don’t know anything specific yet, but it will likely cost that much. Mr. Bender is going to Schadek for two weeks. While there, he will also go to Runkel and find out more information for us. Please let me know in your next letter whether it is feasible for you. What are you earning; are you still paid the same?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Walther Ewald wants to go to America as well. He is a traveling salesman selling electrical lamps. Things don’t seem to be going too well for him, either. On Sunday, we observed him in serious conversation with Reverend Eickmeier. Heini Müller wants to come here to study at our university. Whether that is a good idea is questionable. Finding a place to stay here is impossible. We have many millions of unemployed. Heini Ewald said that there is no guarantee that everything won’t collapse one of these days.  […] Please have Willy read the letter as well […] Kindest regards […]  Mother.</text>
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                <text>Letter from Caroline Emmel to her son, Karl Emmel, July 13, 1926.</text>
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                <text>Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau</text>
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, July 28, 1926, p. 1</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wiesbaden, d. 28.7.26.
Lieber Karl!
Deinenlieben Brief vom 8.7. haben wir erhalten,
nimm auch unsern Dank dafür, dann wir freuen
uns doch immer wenn wir was erhalten. Bei uns
geht es so weit noch gut, was ich auch von Euch hoffe.
Hier war es auch schon recht heiß, doch eben regnet
es wieder u. ist sehr kühl. In Nordenstadt fangen
sie an Korn zuschneiden. Es ist auch hier später
als sonst. Doch soll die Ernte sehr gut stehen, es
kommt jetzt darauf an wie das Wetter wird.
Mit Johanna haben wir uns nun entschieden. Sie
geht nächsten Montag am 2. August nach Bensheim
bei Darmstadt in ein Haushaltungsinstitut.
Dieses wurde uns sehr empfohlen von H. Born
aus Erbenheim welcher in unserer Nachbarschaft
die Weinhandlung hat. Von dem waren schon
verschiedene Mädchen dort. Johanna war einmal
in Delkenheim bei einem Frl. Müller welche dort
war. Auch hatten wir uns einmal 1 Prospekt
schicken lassen. Dazu schrieb die Vorsteherin, es
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[upside down on top of the page, in a different hand writing and compared
with other letters it is probably the fathers, it says:
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Grüße auch an Willi
Schreibe Dir nächste Woche. X ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 2: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;seien eben Ferien, doch könnten wir uns ihr Haus
erst einmal ansehen. Darauf fuhr Vater vorige
Woche hin. Die Damen haben ihm gut gefallen, 
auch sonst hoffen wir dort zu finden was Johanna
nötig ist. Denn so sie zu Hause zu lassen geht nicht.
Sie muß lernen mit Menschen umgehen, dann
bekommt man andere Ansichten. Sie nimmt ohne-
hin alles recht schwer. Vorläufig geht sie auf
ein halbes Jahr hin, es kostet monatlich 90 Mark
dazu kommen für allerlei Nebenausgaben
noch ungefähr 25 Mrk. Wir wollen auch daß
sie dort englisch mitlernt, das muß aller-
dings extra bezahlt werden. Wäre es Euch nun
möglich monatlich 25 Dollar zu schicken? Sprich
einmal mit Willy ob es geht, wir wollen
dann das andere drauflegen, wir müssen
es uns ja auch holen auf dem Vorschuß, das
ist aber nicht schlimm. Wenn wir Euch später
einmal irgendwie helfen können so wird es
auch geschehen. Ich halte es für meine Pflicht
etwas für Johanna zu tun, so lange sie noch jung ist.
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 3: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wenn sie einmal ½ Jahr dort war, so kann sie
auch einmal eine Stelle annehmen. Was dann
wird werden wir sehen. Für unser Haus können
wir vorläufig nur 30 000 Mrk bekommen, wie
wir von Agenten hörten, auch ist durch die schlechte
Wirtschaftslage sehr wenig Nachfrage. Wir wollen
nun den Winter über einmal mitzusehen
was wird. Es fragt sich nun, ist es das Beste
noch länger hier warten, ob die Häuser teurer
werden, ohne etwas geschäftlich zu verdienen,
oder von dem Haus zu nehmen was sich bietet
u. fortzugehen um noch solange es möglich
ist noch zu arbeiten um zu verdienen.
Das ist für uns die Frage. Ob es jetzt recht
geht mit dem auswandern glaube ich nicht.
Der Emmels Sohn von Nordenstadt hat doch
auch schon seine Papiere u. ist angemeldet
seit Januar oder Februar. Man hört immer
von Leuten welche fortgehen. Ein H. Fischer
aus Chemnitz, welcher Kassierer vom Waisenhaus
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 4: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;war geht hinüber oder ist schon fort. Dessen Tochter
ist schon länger drüben. Was du von der Voll-
macht schreibst können wir uns nur so erklären
daß die Geschwister drüben auf ihr mütterliches
Erbteil verzichten sollen, damit ihr Vater
es Wilhelm für seinen Namen gibt, daß er, Wilhelm
etwas eigenes hat, denn das andere gibt er
doch nicht her, weil er auch für die Tante
für später sorgen will. Sie haben ja eben
wo sie eine kleine Familie sind nicht genug
u. haben immer Defizit. Ernst verdient schon alle
14 Tage 20 Mrk. Das wird alles eingebrokt u.
langt immer noch nicht, wie viel weniger
wenn erst die junge Frau dort ist, darum
denke wir er will Wilhelm damit die
Augen zuschmieren. Denn die Tante sagte
unserem Vater, der Petter sagte immer es
sollten nur alle jungen Leute immer so guten
Anfang haben wie Wilhelm, wie er das
sich auslegt wissen wir nicht. Aber Wilhelm
u. seine Frau sollen doch die Arbeit übernehmen
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 5: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;da will er sich auf diese Art angenehm
machen. Das Gretchen sieht nämlich garnicht
danach aus, als würde es sich von dem Schwieger-
vater alles gefallen lassen. Die Allendorfer
Alten waren hier bei uns u. wollten hören
was ein Schlafzimmer kosten würde, da hat
sich Petter gleich hinein gehängt als von zwei
Betten die Rede war. Sie hätten Betten genug
u.s.w. da hat Gretchen aber ganz energisch seine
Meinung vertreten. Darauf nahm er den
Vater mit in das andere Zimmer u. sprach lange
auf ihn ein. Was es nun gibt ist noch nicht
bestimmt. Jedenfalls ist es ihm lieber wenn
Gretchen Geld mitbringt als ein Schlafzimmer.
Wir fragen nicht u. sagen auch nicht viel dazu.
Ernst hat früher immer gesagt wenn er
ausgelernt hätte ginge er auch nach Ame-
rika. Nun hat er Johanna erzählt er
dürfte nicht fort, er müsse zu Hause
helfen. Ernst hat im April ausgelernt
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 6: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;u. dann muß er tüchtig Geld verdienen.
Der Petter merkt daß er drüben mit den
Kindern doch nicht so umspringen kann
als wenn sie hier wären. Lenchen schadet
es nichts wenn es merkt was zu Hause
gespielt wird. Die Kinder müssen auch an
sich denken, denn sie stehen doch allein in
der Welt. Wir sagen sonst nichts haben auch
deinen Zettel gleich verbrant. Geschäftlich ist
es schlecht Arbeitslose gibt es immer mehr. Die
Stadt hat vor einiger Zeit einen großen Autobus
gekauft für die Fahrten nach Schierstein. Sie
hat mit Opel in Rüsselsheim unterhandelt
schließlich aber bei Daimler in Stuttgart ge-
kauft. Darauf hat Opel 300 Wiesbadener
Arbeiter entlassen. So stehen hier die Actien
Schwertfeger hat die Bude ganz zugemacht. In
Wagners geht es so ziemlich, die Schreiber
Arbeiten 3 Tage u. die Schlosser 5. Heinrich
Fink läßt dich grüßen, er war heute hier. Johanna
Hat ihm die Bibliothek übergeben. Wenn sein Jahr
herum ist will er auch den Tugendbund abgeben.
Sonst ist noch alles beim Alten. Herzliche Grüße von uns allen
auch an Willy Deine Dichliebende Mutter.
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                  <text>This collection contains letters sent to Karl Emmel of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the bulk of which were written by his parents Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, with additional letters written by Karl Emmel's sister Johanna. Karl Emmel immigrated to the United States in 1925. His parents, Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, of Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau, wrote lengthy letters to their son almost every month until they also chose to immigrate to the United States in 1927. In 1937, the couple returned to Germany and lived there until their deaths. Between 1937 and 1941 they once again took up the habit of writing a letter each month to their son in the United States. The final letter in this collection was written in 1945, just after the end of World War II in Europe.&#13;
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              <text>[&lt;em&gt;Partial translation&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;28 July 1926 [Mother]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We received your letter dated July 8th […] It has been quite hot already, but now it is raining and cooler[…]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Nordenstadt, they have just started to harvest the corn; it is a bit delayed here as well. The harvest is supposed to turn out well. Everything depends on the weather now.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We have come to a decision concerning Johanna. Next Monday, the 2nd of August, she will leave for Bensheim near Darmstadt to attend a housekeeping school. The school was highly recommended by Mr. Born from Erbenheim, the owner of a wine business in the neighborhood […] In addition, we ordered a brochure. The director included a note saying we should come and look at the school first. And so Father went there last week. He thought the ladies were very nice. We hope to have found what Johanna needs, for we cannot keep her at home like this any longer. She has to learn to interact with people. That way, she will gain some new perspectives. She takes everything so serious. For now, she is supposed to stay there for six months. It costs 90 marks per month plus various additional charges totaling about 25 marks. We also would like to see her study English there. However, that is charged separately. Therefore, would it be possible for you two to send us $25 per month?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please talk to Willy and see if that is feasible. We would then pay the difference. We will have to take out a loan, but we do not mind. If we can help you out sometime in the future, we will gladly do so. I feel an obligation to do something for Johanna while she is still young. After having been there for half a year, she should be able to get employed somewhere. Our house would currently sell for about 30,000 marks […] Due to the bad economy, demand has decreased […] Now the question is: Should we wait longer and see whether house prices will rise again and not really make any profit, or should we take what we can get now and leave, in order to work and earn money while we still can. That is the big question for us right now. The son of the Emmel family in Nordenstadt has had his papers since January as well.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We can only think of one reason for the Power of Attorney you mention. The siblings over there are probably supposed to renounce their maternal inheritance, so that their father can make Wilhelm the sole heir. That way, Wilhelm would have something of his own. Their father will not give up anything else since he intends to take care of Aunt when the time comes. As you know, they are a small family; and yet they always struggle and run a deficit. Ernst does earn 20 marks per two-week period and has to hand all of it over, and still they are not making it. It can only get worse once the young woman comes to live with them. That is why we think he wants to fool Wilhelm with this. Aunt told Father that Petter keeps saying that all young people should have as good a start as Wilhelm. We do not know for sure what exactly he means by that. However, Wilhelm and his wife are supposed to take over the work, and this is his way of getting on their good side. For, Gretchen does not seem to be the type who would put up with just anything from her father-in-law.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The folks from Allendorf were here and wanted to know what the price of a bedroom would be. When the conversation turned to two beds, Petter instantly barged in. We have enough beds, he said. At that point, Gretchen very assertively stated her opinion. Consequently, Petter pulled her father into the adjacent room and harangued him for quite some time. The final decision has not been made yet. At any rate, he obviously prefers that Gretchen bring money into the marriage.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ernst used to say that he would go to America as well as soon as his apprenticeship was finished. Recently, he told Johanna that he was not allowed to leave and that he had to help at home. Ernst completed his apprenticeship in April, and now he has to earn as much money as possible. Petter has caught on to the fact that he cannot control his children over there the way he could when they were here. It doesn’t hurt for Lenchen to see through the game that is being played at home. After all, the children have to consider their own well-being as well since they are alone in this world. We don’t really say anything, and we burned your note right away […]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Some time ago, the city bought a large coach bus for trips to Schierstein. It first negotiated with Opel in Rüsselsheim, but ended up buying the coach bus from Daimler in Stuttgart. Consequently, Opel gave notice to 300 workers in Wiesbaden. That is what it is like around here. […] At Wagner’s, things are still going, the carpenters work for 3 days, the metalworkers[…] Heinrich Fink says hello; he was here today. Johanna turned the library over to him. In another year, he wants to hand the Youth League over to someone else.  […] Kindest regards […] Mother.</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wiesbaden, den 23.8.26
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lieber Karl!
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Deinen lieben Brief mit den 5 Dollar haben wir
erhalten. Er kam gerade am Tag vor meinem
Geburtstag an. Ich danke Dir auch recht herzlich
dafür. Willys Brief kam 2 Tag später an. Von
dem Geld will ich mir Stoff zu einem Mantel
kaufen für den Winter. Den trage ich dann immer
zum Andenken an Euch. Zu Deinem Geburtstage
am 4 September gratuliere ich und Vater Dir recht
herzlich u. wünschen Dir weiter Gesundheit u.
alles Gute. Der liebe Gott wolle ferner bei Dir
sein auf allen Deinen Wegen, vergiß Ihn nicht
u. sei ihm dankbar für alles was er Dir bis jetzt
Gutes getan hat. Daß Du in Deinem Beruf voran
kommst freut uns, es ist doch ein ganz schönes Ein-
kommen was Du hast, kannst doch wenigstens das
gebrauchen was Du gelernt hast. (Wie wäre es wenn
Du hier wärst.) Bei uns ist es jetzt sehr ruhig u. still.
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 2: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Heute sind es 3 Wochen, daß Johanna in Bensheim
ist. Es gefällt ihr auch jetzt ganz gut. Es sind
ungefähr 17-18 Mädchen dort, sie wird Dir wohl
schon davon geschrieben haben. Ich hatte die letzten
14 Tage ziemlich viel zu tun. Wir haben unsere
Betten aufgemacht die Roßhaare gewaschen
u. gezupft. Dann hat uns ein Tagezierer wieder
die Matratzen gemacht. Den neuen Stoff hatte
ich schon länger jetzt sind sie wieder in Ordnung
u. hat uns nur 15 Mark gekostet. Der Mann
hat nur 3 Mark den Tag u. die Kost bekommen. Johan-
nas Wäsche muß ich auch machen, da habe ich zu tun.
Es ist mir aber gut u. tue es gern. Gestern war
ich u. Vater in Frankfurt auf dem Missionsfest.
Pastor Peterson aus Berlin hielt die Festpredigt
Die Feier war im evangelischen Vereinshaus an
der Darmstädter Landstraße. Es war ein sehr
schöner Sonntag, wir haben viele Freunde u. Be-
kannten getroffen. Von Karl, Karoline u. den
Kindern soll ich Euch grüßen. Es geht ihnen 
soweit noch gut. Walther geht morgens in die
Kinderschule, ist sonst noch der Alte wie Du ihn ja kennst.
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;[page 3: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Von Wiesbaden waren nur ganz wenig da, die
Sänger waren eingeladen sind aber nicht hin. Jetzt
will ich Dir noch etwas über unseren Hausverkauf
berichten. Ich hatte Dir schon von dem Gröningen
geschrieben, daß er einmal hier war. Hernach sprach
Vater noch einmal mit dem Agenten u. setzte den
Preis auf 45 Tausend die Hälfte ausbezahlt u. die
andere Hälfte als Hypothek. Darauf hörten wir
fast 3 Wochen nichts. Vater hatte es auch sonst noch
einmal einem Büro übertragen, diese meinten
mehr als 35 könnten wir gar nicht fordern.
Vorige Woche kam nun Gröninger wieder. Er
will 20 anbezahlen u. 25. sollen als Hypothek ein-
getragen werden. Wenn er nur nicht wieder um-
fällt so wird vielleicht etwas daraus. Ich meine
ja wir sollten es tun. Ein Haus wie das unsrige
erfordert sehr viel Reparaturen, u. wie bald wird
wieder Überfluß an Wohnungen sein. An der
Kindricherstraß das ganze Eck wird eben bebaut.
14 Häuser oder noch mehr werden jetzt gemauert.
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;[page 4:]&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Wie wir hörten will die Firma Wagner ihren Betrieb ganz schließen. Was das bedeutet kann man sich garnicht denken, ob es nicht auch viel Macherei ist. In Nordenstadt ist auch wieder Feuer am Dach. Sie sind auf einmal mit Gretchen nicht mehr zufrieden. Tante fürchtet die Schwiegertochter u. da macht sie alle rap- pelich. Gretchen soll nicht gesund sein, war auch vorige Woche einige Tage im Kranken- haus. Da wollten sie die Verlobung schon auf- heben, machten aller Welt Vorwürfe (Gwalds u. Frl. Weigel) Die Krankheit scheint aber nicht so gefährlich zu sein, denn gestern war sie ganz mobil auf dem Missionsfest. Das ist jetzt der Anfang von Wilhelms Glück, auf die Fortsetzung sind wir neugierig. Wilhelm ist bei der ganzen Sache der am wenigsten Beteiligte. Was wird es erst für einen Spek- takle geben, wenn die junge Frau einmal ein neues Kleid haben will. Finanziell ist es bei ihnen sehr schlecht bestellt. Wie es&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                    <text>[[Category:Emmel]]&#13;
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&lt;p&gt;[page 5:]&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;weiter gehen soll wissen sie selbst nicht. Hier in Wiesbaden gibt es nicht viel Neues. Die Beamten haben alle Ferien, Pfr. Eickmeier war auch in Ferien u. auf der Synode in Dresden. Unser Vater hat sich das Rauchen wieder ganz abgewöhnt, er hat jetzt schon wochenlang keinen Tabak mehr im Haus aus Sparsamkeitsrücksichten. Auch ich muß im Haushalt tüchtig sparen. Wir brauchen zum zweiten ja auch nicht sehr viel. Johanna will auch oft geschrieben haben, da kann ich mich tüchtig üben im Schreiben, werde es dann auch immer besser lernen. Hoffentlich er- reicht Dich der Brief noch zu Deinem Geburts- tage. Wir werden an dem Tage recht fleißig an Dich denken u. ein Stück Zwetschenkuchen auf Dein Wohl essen. Es ist eben die Zeit davon. Nun will ich zum Schluß kommen indem ich Dir viele herzliche Grüße sende von Vater u. Deiner Dichliebenden Mutter.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Grüße Willy ich schreibe ihm auch bald auf seinen Brief.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                  <text>This collection contains letters sent to Karl Emmel of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the bulk of which were written by his parents Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, with additional letters written by Karl Emmel's sister Johanna. Karl Emmel immigrated to the United States in 1925. His parents, Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, of Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau, wrote lengthy letters to their son almost every month until they also chose to immigrate to the United States in 1927. In 1937, the couple returned to Germany and lived there until their deaths. Between 1937 and 1941 they once again took up the habit of writing a letter each month to their son in the United States. The final letter in this collection was written in 1945, just after the end of World War II in Europe.&#13;
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              <text>[&lt;em&gt;Partial translation&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;23 August 1926 (Mother)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; […] We received your letter with the $5, thank you. It arrived exactly on my birthday. Willy’s letter arrived two days later. I will use the money to buy some fabric for a winter coat. I will wear it all the time as something that reminds me of you. Father and I send you our warmest wishes for your birthday on the 4th of September. We hope that you will remain healthy and wish you all the best. May the good Lord keep watching over you wherever you go. Do not forget Him and be thankful for all the good things He has given you. We are happy to learn that you are moving up professionally. You do have quite a nice salary. At least you are able to use what you learned. (How different things would be if you were here!) Johanna has been in Bensheim for three weeks already. She likes it very much. There are about 18 girls there […] I had a lot to do over the past two weeks. We opened up the beds and washed and loosened up the horsehair. Then, a paperhanger made the mattresses for us out of some new fabric I had had for some time. […] It only cost us 1 mark. The man only got 3 marks per day plus meals. I have to do Johanna’s laundry as well, which means that I am quite busy […]Yesterday, Father and I went to Frankfurt to the mission festival, where Reverend Petersen gave a sermon […] It was a very nice Sunday […] We ran into many friends and acquaintances[…] They all say hello. There were only a few people from Wiesbaden there. The choir had been invited, but was not there. I want to tell you a little bit about the sale of our house yet. Earlier, I wrote to you about Grimmiger and informed you that he was here once. Afterwards, Father talked to the agent again, who set the price at 45,000. Half of it is supposed to be paid in cash and the other half mortgaged. After that, we did not hear anything for almost three weeks. Father went to another agency as well, where they told him he could not ask for more than 35,000. Last week, Grimmiger showed up again. He wants to pay 20,000 in cash and put a 25,000-mark mortgage on it. Now, if he does not cave in again, maybe this will work out. I am all for it. After all, a house like ours requires a lot of upkeep, and before too soon the market will be swamped again with apartments anyway. The entire corner on Kiedricherstrasse is being built over. Seventeen houses or more are being built right now. Father has trouble separating from the house. However, once we receive the interest of the 4,000, we can live wherever we want.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We would like you to get the declarations of suretyship for us at this point. Once we have those documents, we will be able to apply. Maybe we can travel next summer. We will not buy the tickets until everything is ready. Nowadays, one has to go to Frankfurt to apply and then to the consulate in Cologne. There, an American doctor performs a medical exam […] Business has not improved yet […] We heard that the Wagner Company intends to go out of business entirely. […]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Nordenstadt, the sparks are flying again. All of a sudden, they are no longer happy with Gretchen. Aunt is afraid of the daughter-in-law and drives everyone [&lt;em&gt;illegible&lt;/em&gt;] In addition, Gretchen is apparently not very healthy and even spent a few days in the hospital last week. They instantly wanted to annul the engagement and showered everybody with reproaches (the Ewalds and Miss Weigel). However, the illness does not seem to be too serious, for yesterday she was quite fit again at the mission festival. This is only the beginning of Wilhelm’s path to happiness. We are curious to see how it continues. Wilhelm seems to remain totally uninvolved in all this. I can just imagine the drama on the day the young woman would like to have a new dress. Financially, things are very bad for them. They have no idea where to go from here. […]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All the civil servants are on vacation. And so was Reverend Eickmeier, who also went to the synod in Dresden. Father quit smoking again; he has not had any tobacco in the house for weeks. I, too, have had to cut back on my household expenses considerably. However, the two of us don’t really need all that much. Johanna says she wrote quite a long letter to you. I hope it gets there in time for your birthday. We will certainly think about you on that day and eat a piece of prune pie in your honor. Give our regards to Willy as well [...] Cordially, Mother.</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Wiesbaden, d. 10.9.26
Lieber Karl!
Dein lieber Brief mit den 25$ ist gut angekom-
men. Danke Dir auch vielmals dafür. Willy habe
ich auch schon geschrieben. Bei uns geht es soweit
noch gut. Auch Johanna schreibt jede Woche. Deinen
Brief habe ich ihr geschickt, es gefällt ihr auch gut;
Sonst ist es sehr ruhig bei uns. Hunolsteins waren
verreist 3 Wochen. Da haben wir die Treppe
einmal wieder gestrichen, auch unsern Gang u.
die Küche. Prf. Ritterling geht es so ziemlich. Er
war am ersten unten bei uns u. hat die Miete
bezahlt. Er läßt euch grüßen. Im Hinterhaus ist
noch alles wie es war. Der alte Mehl lebt noch
u. auch sein großes Mundwerk geht noch. Er
hat jetzt ein Gesuch gemacht wegen der Hauszins-
steuer, diese brauchte er nicht zubezahlen da er
72 Jahre alt sei. Auch Wibbens wollen sie nicht
bezahlen, weil er einige Wochen keine Arbeit
hatte. Jetzt warten wir auf Bescheid. Petter L.
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[page 2: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;hängt immer noch oben zum Dachfenster heraus
wenn im Hof etwas zu sehen ist. Mit der Ar-
beit ist es bei ihm auch mäßig. Fritz L. ist
noch in dem Geschäft wo er war erhält aber nur
monatlich 80 Mark, u. der Kleine ist noch in Cre-
feld. Dort wurde neulich den Köchen angeboten
einen Zwangsurlaub von 4 Wochen zu nehmen
oder für die Hälfte des Lohnes zu arbeiten. Der
Kleine wollte die Reise nach Hause nicht machen
so blieb er für den halben Lohn. Der Fritz läuft
schon den Mädchen nach. Da müßtest Du aber
einmal die Frau Litzinger sehen wie sie Abends
hinter ihm her ist u. haben sie etwas erfahren so
muß er vor ihren Augen den Abschiedsbrief
schreiben. Der Hermann Mehl ist noch zu Haus.
Er scheint auch wieder als Friseur zu arbeiten.
Sonntags sieht man ihn mit dem Mädchen
u. dem Kinderwagen, aber geheiratet scheint er
sie noch nicht zu haben. Die Frau Buck lebt auch
noch. Von dem Ziegelmann dem sie ihr Geschäft ver-
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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[page 3: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;mietet hat, hat sie noch nicht viel Miete bekom-
men, den das Geschäft ist gar nichts mehr. Vor 14 Tagen
hatte er schon einmal geschlossen, dann war wie-
der einige Tage auf u. seit heute ist wieder der
Laden zu. Frau Buck hat sich auch das Haar ab-
schneiden lassen, in den Ferien war sie in der
Schweiz, sie hat sich jetzt ganz modern heraus
staffiert aber bis jetzt hat sie noch keinen Mann
gefunden. Werners haben einen Prozeß mit ihr
der kleine Buck hat denen eine Erkerscheibe ein-
geworfen u. sie will nichts bezahlen. Die vorderen
Zimmer hat sie an Schottländer vermietet. Die
Alts Tochter hat sich vor 14 Tagen mit dem jungen
Willkomm verlobt. Der ist 22 Jahre alt u. sie 18.
Die alten Willkomms waren hier u. ist alles mit
dem nötigen Schwung gemacht worden. Alts haben
eine Wohnung in der Adelheidstr. Er hat bis jetzt
noch keine Stelle. Wilhelm von Nordenstadt geht
nächsten Sonntag nach Allendorf, dann soll die Hochzeit
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[page 4: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;fest gesetzt werden. Luischen von Bersrod liegt
in Giesen in der Klinik, es geht ihm nicht gut.
Ernst war gestern hier u. sagte es habe immer
noch Fieber, was das bedeutet weiß ich nicht.
Die Kinder seien auch in Giesen. Wenn nur der liebe
Gott helfen wolle, daß es wieder zurecht käme.
Der Grönninger würde unser Haus nehmen doch
wollen wir warten ob wir nächstes Jahr fort
können, wenn es dann bestimmt ist so können
wir es auch noch machen. Man hört doch als soll-
ten die Häuser im Wert steigen, u. was man
doch noch mehr haben kann, muß man abwar-
ten. Jedenfalls wird es mit den Häusern nicht
schlechter. Wie gut ist es doch daß wir es nicht in der
Inflation verkauft haben. Deutschland ist ja jetzt in den
Völkerbund aufgenommen worden, davon hoffen
wir doch Erleichterung. Gebaut wird ja hier enorm
das ganze Eck von der Kiedricherstr. nach dem Exerzier-
platz seht voll Gerüststangen. Die Arbeit wird nat-
ürlich sehr billig gemacht. Da sind bei allen Geschäften
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[page 5: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;so richtige Bankrotskrämer diese müssen immer arbeiten
sonst geht es nicht u. diese bieten dann die Arbeit an für
die Hälfte des Wertes. Dadurch nehmen sie den anderen
aber immer die Arbeit weg. Die Männer werden alle
beschäftigt sein, aber sonst gibt es noch Arbeitslose genug.
Paul wollte etwas von Bechtein hören. Vor Pfingsten
Wurde Wilhelm wieder ein Sohn geboren. Bei seiner
Frau ist es immer die alte Leier. Er hat seine Schwie-
gereltern seit dem Frühjahr bei sich, hat eine Magd
für monatlich 50 Mark einen Knecht u. noch einen
jungen Mann welcher ihm tageweise an der Schreibe-
rei hilft. Herrmann wohnt in Ansbach u. war viele
Monate arbeitslos mit 59 Mark monatlich Einkom-
men. Jetzt hat ihn das Geschäft wo er gelernt hat
in Idstein als Reisender angestellt für 100 Mark monatlich
u. Provision. Er war neulich einmal hier bei uns.
Wenn er nur auch jetzt in Idstein eine Wohnung
hätte. Er hat ein kleines Bübchen von ungefähr
einem Jahr, wir sahen seine Frau u. den Kleinen
auch in Frankfurt auf dem Missionsfest. Herrmann
u. seine Frau sind liebe nette Menschen, u. wir
würden ihnen gern gönnen, wenn es ihnen etwas
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[page 6: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;besser ginge. Rudolf hat in Amenau ein Haus gekauft
u. seine Frau betreibt ein Colonialgeschäft er geht an
die Bahn arbeiten. Rudolf ist sehr schmal geworden.
Ihre Schwester Minchen in Lokum hat auch wieder
einen kleinen Jungen. Lydia von Emmrich war
zur Pflege dort, wie sie Johanna schrieb. Beim
August soll es auch nicht mehr so glänzend sein. Er 
backt wieder selbst. Dort in der Gegend sind auch
viele arbeitslos u. Brot wollen die Leute doch essen.
natürlich bezahlen sie dann schlecht. Der Willy Ditt-
mar fährt am 21 dieses Monat mit der Arabik
von Hamburg ab, die Nordenstadter Buben kennen
ihn ja. Ihr werdet ihn wohl auch einmal sehen. Er ist
so ein Kerl wie der Beuerbacher Karl nicht sehr in-
teligent aber zur Bandarbeit soll er ganz gut sein.
Ich weiß nicht ob ich über alles geschrieben habe was
Du wissen willst. An deinem Geburtstag haben
wir recht oft dein gedacht. Ich hatte Zwetschenkuchen
gebacken. Diese sind jetzt reif. Wir haben hier sehr
schönes Wetter, wie Die ganzen Jahre nicht. Nun
muß ich schließen. Vater läßt Dich recht herzlich
grüßen. Auch an Willy u. alle Bekannten u. besonders
an Dich mein lieber Sohn viele Grüße von Deiner
Dichliebenden Mutter.
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                  <text>This collection contains letters sent to Karl Emmel of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the bulk of which were written by his parents Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, with additional letters written by Karl Emmel's sister Johanna. Karl Emmel immigrated to the United States in 1925. His parents, Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, of Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau, wrote lengthy letters to their son almost every month until they also chose to immigrate to the United States in 1927. In 1937, the couple returned to Germany and lived there until their deaths. Between 1937 and 1941 they once again took up the habit of writing a letter each month to their son in the United States. The final letter in this collection was written in 1945, just after the end of World War II in Europe.&#13;
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              <text>Ilse Baker</text>
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              <text>[&lt;em&gt;Partial translation&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;10 September 1926&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Thank you for your letter of August 28th. I wrote to Willy already as well […]And Johanna writes every week. I sent your letter to her, too. She likes the school very well.  […] Things are quiet around here. The Heinolstein family? They were gone for three weeks, and we took the opportunity to paint the stairs. Mr. Ritterling is doing ok. He came down on the 1st to pay his rent. Nothing has changed in the back house. Old Mr. Mehl just keeps going, as does his big mouth. […] Two weeks ago, the daughter of the Alt family got engaged to the younger Willkomm. He is 22 years old and she is 18. The Wilkomm [sic] folks were here, and the event was duly celebrated. The Alts have an apartment on Adelheidstrasse, but he does not have a job yet.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Next Sunday, Wilhelm from Nordenstadt will go to Allensdorf in order to arrange a wedding date. Luischen from Bersrod is at the clinic in Giesen because she is not doing well. Ernst was here yesterday and told us that she still has a fever. I am not sure how serious it is. Apparently, the children are in Giesen as well. Let’s pray that the good Lord will help her get better again.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Grönninger would buy our house, but we want to wait and see whether we can leave next year. Once we know for sure, we can still go through with it. We keep hearing that house values are supposed to increase again. If that is the case, we should wait and get the extra profit. House values will certainly not go down. How good that we did not sell our house during the time of inflation. As you know, Germany has been admitted to the League of Nations. We do hope that this will bring some relief. Construction is booming here; the entire corner of Kiedricherstrasse is being developed. Beyond the parade ground, everything is full of scaffolding poles. Of course, the work is done very cheaply. Bankruptcy profiteers are meddling in all these jobs. They seem compelled to snap up every job and always offer to do the work for half of what it is worth.  […] Paul wanted to know how Bechtheim is doing. Shortly before Whitsunday, another son was born to Wilhelm. Everything is still the same with his wife. Since the spring, his in-laws have been living with him. In addition, he has a maid, whom he pays 50 marks per month, a farmhand and another young man, who helps him with the paperwork when needed. Herrmann is living in Ansbach; he was unemployed for many months, living on 53 marks per month. Then, the company in Idstein, where he was an apprentice, hired him as a traveling salesman. He now earns 100 marks plus commissions. He was here recently. If only he had an apartment in Idstein as well. He has a little baby boy, who is about one year old. We saw his wife and son in Frankfurt at the mission festival as well. Herrmann and his wife are very nice and likeable people. They really deserve to do better. Rudolf bought a house in Aumenau. His wife runs a grocery store while he works for the railroad. Rudolf has lost a lot of weight. Their sister Minchen in Lokum has had another baby boy; Lydia from Ennerich was there to take care of her. Apparently, things are no longer going well for August. He is doing his own baking again. Many are unemployed in that area as well, but everyone wants to keep eating bread, of course. Naturally, they have trouble paying for it. On the 21st of this month, Willi Dittmer is leaving from Hamburg aboard the [SS &lt;em&gt;Arabic&lt;/em&gt;]. The boys from Nordenstadt know him quite well […] he is very much like Karl Beuerbach, not too intelligent, but supposedly quite apt at farm work […]We thought of you frequently on your birthday. I baked a prune pie since the prunes are ripe now.  […] Father says hello, too. Give my regards to Willy as well.  [...]  Your mother.</text>
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, October 11, 1926, p. 1</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wiesbaden, den 11.10.26.
Lieber Karl!
Gestern am 10. erhielten wir Deinen lieben Brief mit den
20 $. Auch vielen Dank dafür. Ich wollte schon vorige Woche
schreiben, doch wartete ich von einem Tag zum andern auf
Deinen Brief, um wegen des Geldes Dir gleich Nachricht zu-
geben. Jetzt wirst du wohl auch wieder länger warten
müssen. Hier ist noch alles beim Alten, wir sind soweit noch
gesund, bis auf allerlei Kleinigkeiten. Du schreibst Du hättest
wieder Zahnweh gehabt, hast Du wieder schlechte Zähne? So
laß sie Dir doch machen. Ich u. Vater haben uns auch unsere
ziehen lassen. Ich drückte mich doch schon Jahre lang, bin froh
daß ich sie heraus habe, ich habe 8 u. der Vater 2 gezogen
bekommen. Es war gar nicht so schlimm als ich dachte. Wir wer-
den wenn alles geheilt ist auch Ersatz bekommen. Für die Zahn-
behandlung hatten wir eine Rechnung von 43 Mark wovon
die Krankenkasse 37 zahlte. Über unsern Hausverkauf will
ich Dir dann berichten. Der Grönninger wollte auf unser Haus
20 Tausend Mark aufnehmen u. wir sollten mit unsern 25 dahinter
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[page 2: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;rücken, das paßte uns nicht. Vater sprach noch einmal mit
Rechtskonsulent Bade, dieser meinte auch, so einen Käufer würden
wir immer finden. Für unser Geld sollten 6% Zinsen gezahlt
werden. Deshalb wollen wir uns nicht übereilen. Es war auch
noch ein anderer da, ein Installat aus der Zimmermannstr. Der
hatte mehr Geld. Die Quote für 26 ist jetzt schon voll, u. nach
dem 15 Oktober werden keine Anmeldungen mehr angenom-
men. Da weiß man noch gar nicht wann wir fortkönnen. Auch
haben wir so ja auch aus dem Haus etwas, vielleicht bessert
sich bis zum Frühjahr die Lage der Häuser. Dadurch daß die große
Werkstatt vermietet ist, haben wir doch eher etwas. Die Miete
würden wir auch jetzt vielleicht nicht mehr bekommen, denn es
gibt schon wieder allerlei Räume. Wir hätten gern 50 Tausend
für unser Haus, wenn wir dann 20 bar erhielten könnte das andere
noch einige Jahre an erster Stelle stehen. Dann würde der Zinsfuß
nicht mehr als 6% sein. Wenn man aber einen annehmbaren Preis
erhalten will, darf der Zinsfuß nicht so hoch sein (Nicht mehr als 6%)
Da wollen wir nun abwarten was wird. Es gibt doch immer
noch Leute die Häuser suchen. Wir können es aber nicht verschenken
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[page 3: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;denn in unserem Alter können wir kein Vermögen mehr er-
werben, müssen also mit dem was wir haben vorsichtig sein. Jo-
hanna geht es noch gut, sie will zum nächsten Sonntag einmal
nach Hause kommen, da freut sie sich drauf u. wir auch. Vorige
Woche am Donnerstag war es 1 Jahr daß Du von zu Hause fort
bist, wie würden wir uns freuen, wenn ihr auch einmal wieder
nach Hause kommen könntet. Was macht Willy mit seinem
Wagen. Ich bin ordentlich erschrocken als uns Johanna Deinen
Brief schickte. Was ist denn eigentlich die Ursache der Erkrank-
ung gewesen? Ich las kurz vorher hier in einer Zeitung
daß es nirgends so viel Magenleiden gäbe als in Amerika,
das käme daher, weil dort soviel Eiswasser getrunken wür-
de. Willy soll nur vorsichtig sein, damit so etwas nicht cronisch
wird. Ihr habt wieder eine schöne Fahrt gemacht zu den
werwandten, mit dem Auto kann man in 4-5 Stunden
doch schon weit fahren. Wir haben es einmal auf der
Karte gesucht. Ihr hattet recht, daß Ihr einmal Pfr. Nau
besucht habt, wo Ihr so in der Nähe wart. Es freut sich
doch jeder einmal, wenn er einen Landsmann sieht u. die
Naus sprechen doch gern. Die Frau Hartmann hier ginge auch gerne
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[page 5: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Interessantes zu sehen. Die Vorsteherin war mit
u. ein H. Assesor. Dieser gibt auch Johanna die
englischen Stunden. Dieser hat sie in Worms ins
Museum u. Kirchen u.s.w. geführt u. ihnen alles
erklärt. Dort um Bensheim ist es auch landschaft-
lich sehr schön. Am ersten sind 6 Mädchen bei ihnen 
fort u. auch wieder Neue gekommen. Vorige Woche
ist auch ihre beste Freundin telegrafisch heim ge-
rufen worden, da der Vater schwer erkrankte.
Diese wird auch nicht wieder kommen was Jo-
hanna sehr leid tut. Ich hoffe ja daß Johanna
viel Nutzen für ihr späteres Leben davon
haben wird. Geschäftlich ist es immer noch sehr
schlecht. Vater hat auch vom Hochbauamt einen
Schrank u. Schreibtisch zu machen. Das erhielt
er auch, weil er auch einmal danach ging.
Dort wird auch die Reihe behalten. Die Woche vor-
her wurde Vater gesagt, hätte das Hochbauamt
25 Schreiner beschäftigen müssen. Die meisten sind
so gestellt, daß wenn sie heute nicht arbeiten, morgen
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[page 6: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;nichts zu essen haben. Deshalb wird auch alle Ar-
beit an den Bauten unterm Preis gemacht. Was
die Hiesigen nicht machen wird noch billiger von
auswärts gemacht. In der Stadt wird gesagt,
das neuen Baugelände sei der Friedhof des Hand-
werks. Was bin ich froh, daß Du jetzt nicht
mehr hier sitzt u. auf eine Stelle wartest, so
leid es mir auch ist, daß Ihr alle fort seid. Du
wirst auch mit diesem Brief einen Brief
von dem Heinrich Fink erhalten. Er möchte auch
gerne hinüber, wenn ihm einer bürgt. Du kannst
es ohne Bedenken tun, denn er ist ein sehr ordent-
licher Mensch, der würde Dir keine Unannehm-
lichkeiten machen. Sprich einmal mit Karl Müller
denn Heinrich ist ja ein Cousin von Minchen und
Schäubern. Wenn es soweit wäre könnte er sich seinen
Karte hier kaufen. Aus Wagners geschäft sich schon
mehrere hinüber da läßt einer den andern nach
kommen. Hier sitzen die jungen Leute herum u. ver-
dienen nicht was sie zum Leben nötig haben, das tut
einem leid u. man möchte gerne helfen, wenn man
weiß wie dort drüben einer der fleißig ist, es zu etwas
bringen kann. Darum tue ihm den Gefallen er wird es
Dir gewiß danken.
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[page 7: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am Sonntag den 24.10. soll jetzt Wilhelms
Hochzeit sein, wenn nichts mehr dazwischen
kommt. Gretchen war vorigen Sonntag in
Nordenstadt u. auch mit Wilhelm einmal hier
in der Kirche. Ich wollte sie gerne hier
behalten zum Essen, aber Wilhelm mußte
heim melken u. das Kalb tränken, wir
haben uns ordentlich geärgert, weil Wilhelm
so ein Hanswurst ist, der läßt sich von den
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                    <text>Caroline Emmel to Karl Emmel, October 11, 1926, p. 8</text>
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[page 8: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;beiden Alten alles bieten. Paul Schmidt hätte
gern auch gehabt wenn er dageblieben wäre
Es war aber nichts zu machen. Wenn die Mutter
bestimmt, daß er heimkommen soll, dann läuft
er. Wir sind neugierig was wird wenn Gretchen
ganz da ist. Nun will ich schließen, grüße
Willy u. alle Bekannten u. sei auch Du
recht herzlich gegerüßt von Vater u.
Deiner Dichliebenden
Mutter
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              <text>Ilse Baker</text>
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              <text>[&lt;em&gt;Partial translation&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Wiesbaden, 11 October 1926&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dear Karl, we received your dear letter with the $20 yesterday, the 10th. Thank you for the money as well.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I wanted to write to you a week ago, but kept waiting, so that I could confirm that we received the money. […]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; […] You write that you had a toothache. […]Why don’t you go and get them fixed? Father and I had ours pulled as well.  […] I had been putting it off for years[…] Now I am glad that they are gone. I had eight pulled and Father two.  […] It wasn’t that bad […] Once everything is healed, we will receive replacements. […] Our dental bill amounted to 43 marks, 37 of which were paid by our health insurance.  […] I want to tell you a bit about the house sale. Gröninger wanted to get a 20,000-mark mortgage for our house, and we were supposed to loan him the remaining 25,000. We did not like the idea. Father discussed it with Attorney Lade again, who confirmed that we could find this kind of buyer anytime. Gröninger intended to pay an interest rate of 6% for our money, no reason for us to rush into anything. There was someone else who showed an interest, an electrician from Zimmermannstrasse. This one had more money. The quota for 1926 has been filled already. After the 15th of October, no more applications will be accepted. Currently, we have no idea when we can leave. However, we will be able to get some more use out of our house, and – who knows –, maybe the housing market will have improved by spring. At any rate, since the big workshop is rented out, we have at least something. It is possible that we would not be able to get another renter right now if we needed one, for there are all kinds of rooms for rent again. We would like to get 50,000 marks for our house. If we could get 20,000 in cash, we could wait for the remainder for a few years, with the interest rate being no more than 6%. However, if we want to get an acceptable offer (at no more than 6%), we will just have to wait. There are still people out there who are looking for houses. We just cannot afford to give it away. At our age, we can no longer make a fortune and therefore have to be careful with what we have.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Johanna is still doing fine. Next Sunday, she wants to come home for a visit. Last Thursday marked the anniversary of your departure. We would be very happy if you came home sometime again as well. How is Willy’s stomach doing? […] I recently read in our local newspaper that there are more people suffering from stomach problems in America than anywhere else. Supposedly, this is because people drink so much ice water over there.  […]Adolf Müller died, too. […] You will receive a letter from Heinrich Fink as well. He also would like to go over there, as long as someone agrees to act as a guarantor. You can do so without hesitation. He is a very honest man, who will not cause you any problems […]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Several of Wagner’s former employees have left already, one encouraging the other to follow. Here, the young people just sit around, unable to earn enough to make a decent living. I feel sorry for them and would like to help, particularly when considering that, over there, one can be successful if one works hard enough. […] Do him the favor, he will be very grateful.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On Sunday, October 28th, Wilhelm is supposed to get married – if nothing comes up any more. Last Sunday, Gretchen was in Nordenstadt. She also came to our church once with Wilhelm. I wanted them to stay and eat with us, but Wilhelm had to go home to milk the cows and feed the calf. We were irritated because Wilhelm is such a fool. He lets his folks do whatever they want with him. Paul Schmitt would have liked for him to stay as well, but it was useless. When his mother says that he needs to come home, he runs. We are curious to see how things will turn out once Gretchen is living there for good.</text>
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                <text>Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau</text>
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                    <text>Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel to Karl Emmel, November 5, 1926, p. 1</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Wiesbaden, d. 5.11.26
Lieber Karl!
Nachdem wir die ganze
Woche warten, von Dir etwas zu er
halten, will ich Dir jetzt doch schreiben.
Sonst wird es zu lange, bis Du was wieder
von und erhälst. Bei uns geht es Gott
sei Dank noch gut, was ich auch von Dir
annehme. Die Mutter hat sich etwas
erkältet hat tüchtig den Schnupfen u. liegt
gestern u. heute im Bett. Es ist aber wie-
der besser, ich glaube daß sie morgen
zum Samstag wieder auf sein kann.
Letzten Sonntag war ich in Allendorf
auf Wilhelms Hochzeit (Nodenstadt)
Sollte schon Samstag früh mit fahren
war mir aber nicht möglich da wir
eine sehr eilige Arbeit übernommen
hatten. So fuhren wir erst Samstag früh
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[page 2: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;um ½ 11 Uhr hier weg kamen um ¾ 4 Uhr
dort an. Wo dann um 4 Uhr die Trauung
war. Wir feierten tüchtig Hochzeit u
brachten dem jungen Ehepaar die besten
Wünsche dar. Es können 35-40 Personen
da gewesen sein. Die nächsten Angehörigen
nebst Pathe u. … von den jungen
Leuten. Wer kein Bett hatte mußte durch
feiern. Nachts um 2 Uhr zog ich mich zu-
rück u. schlief bei Hannjuste Karl
sein Schwiegereltern. Wo ich am andern
morgen um 9 Uhr ausgeschlafen hatte.
Hier sah ich dann auch den kleinen Heinrich
von Steeden, der schon 6 Wochen da ist.
Er soll aber hier in dieser Woche wieder
zurück geholt werden, von seinem 
Großvater. Hier erfuhr ich auch, daß der
Hannjuste Karl sich wieder verlobt hat
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                    <text>Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel to Karl Emmel, November 5, 1926, p. 3</text>
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[page 3: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;mit dem Mädchen von dem Dir die
Mutter schon schrieb. Er wird dann
im Laufe des Winters heiraten nehme
ich an. Direkt von Steeden haben wir
noch nicht gehört. Die Mutter wollte
noch vor Weihnachten mal hin.
Jetzt wieder zurück zur Feier, gegen
10 Uhr morgens ging ich wieder in das
Hochzeitshaus, wo sich wieder so 25 Per-
sonen eingefunden hatten, da wird
Montags auch noch gefeiert. Unterdessen
wurde gefrühstückt u. anschliesend um
12 Uhr zu Mittag gegessen. Die letzten
Auswärtigen dazu zählte auch ich, zogen
dann um 2 Uhr an die Bahn, so daß
ich Abends um 7 Uhr wieder zu Hause
war. Wilh. u. seine junge Frau wollten
nächsten Tag noch kommen. Mußte aber
wie ich heute höre allein fahren, da
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[page 4: ]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;vom Gretchen eine Tante am Dienstag
um 11 Uhr gestorben ist. So blieb es zur
Beerdigung dort u. soll dann heute Abend
in Nordenstadt eintreffen. Jetzt haben
die Nordenstädter es erreicht u. die ersehnte
Hilfe ist da. Wie ich schon oben erwähnte
hatte ich u. Staudt Arbeit übernommen
u. zwar vom Bezirksverband / Landeshaus,
welche in den Albrecht Dürer Anlagen
wieder zwei Doppelwohnhäuser bauen.
Wir haben für ein Haus die Fensterklapp=
Läden angefertigt. Der Liefertermin war
in 6 Tagen, brauchten aber neun, es
war für 975 Mrk Arbeit. Das Holz kostete
500 Mrk Maschine u. Nebenmaterial 100 Mark.
Gearbeitet haben wir von früh ½ 8 Uhr bis
Abend 9 Uhr um fertig zu werden. Unser Verdienst
war per Stunde 1 Mk so billig wird hier eben
gearbeitet. Durch den Arbeitsmangel wird als abgeboten
u. muß froh sein wenn man Arbeit bekommt.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[top and left margin]:
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;So mach ich Schluß u. Grüße Dich u. Willi herzlich Dein Vater
Grüße alle Bekannte u. Verwandte von uns.
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Lieber Karl!
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Auch ich woll Dir noch etwas schreiben. Übermorgen
werden es schon 4 Wochen, daß wir Deinen letzten 
Brief erhielten. Ist einer dazwischen verloren ge=
gangen oder bist Du krank gewesen? Willy
hätte ich auch schon gern einmal geschrieben,
warte aber immer noch auf Angabe seiner neu=
en Adresse. Willy ist ein großer Faulpelz im
Schreiben, das kannst Du ihm sagen. Er hat
uns ganz vergessen u. fragt garnicht mehr
nach uns. Das tut mir sehr leid. Jetzt bist Du
schon über 1 Jahr drüben u Willy schon 3 Jahre. 
Johanna war auch vor 3 Wochen &lt;s&gt;auch&lt;/s&gt; einmal 
zu Hause. Es geht Ihr gesundheitlich sehr gut. 
Zu Hause war sie garnicht gesund wurde Husten 
u. Schnupfen garnicht los. Seid [sic] sie in Bensheim
ist hatte sie noch nicht den Schnupfen. Sie hat
auch seit Frühjahr 10 lb zugenommen. Dort Ist
die Kost sehr gut. Zu jeder Mahlzeit gibt 
es etwas anderes, u dann auch in Gesellschaft 
macht beim Essen auch etwas aus. Alles in allem
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                    <text>&lt;div class="mw-parser-output"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
ist Johanna ihre Pensionatszeit gut bekommen 
Vater will haben, daß sie zu Weihnachten 
endgültig nach Hause soll. Dann ist sie 5 Mo=
nate dort. Wir wollen sehen wie es wird. 
Ich liege im Bett u. habe eine Art Grippe 
mit Schnupfen u. Husten. Hoffentlich kann 
ich bald wieder aufstehen. Denn jetzt ist 
niemand da der die Hausarbeit macht.
Muß dann einmal liegen bleiben bis 
ich wieder kann. Heute war Ernst hier 
u. lud uns ein nächsten Sonntag nach Nor=
denstadt zu kommen, um sicher noch ein=
mal Nachhochzeit zu feiern. Vater will
ja hin, doch ich bleibe daheim. Das ist mir 
noch lieber. Denn der Weg wird mir im=
mer schwerer. Besser laufen kann ich immer 
noch nicht. Hatte ich Dir schon geschrieben 
daß die Gebrüder Mahl ein Frisieurgeschäft [sic]
eröffnet haben in der Wörthstr. Diese Geschäfte 
sind sonst sehr gut wegen der Bubenköpfe.
Hier lassen sich eben auch alte Frauen sogar
das Haar abschneiden, alles wie auch drüben 
[illegible, text cut off]
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains letters sent to Karl Emmel of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the bulk of which were written by his parents Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, with additional letters written by Karl Emmel's sister Johanna. Karl Emmel immigrated to the United States in 1925. His parents, Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel, of Wiesbaden, Hessen-Nassau, wrote lengthy letters to their son almost every month until they also chose to immigrate to the United States in 1927. In 1937, the couple returned to Germany and lived there until their deaths. Between 1937 and 1941 they once again took up the habit of writing a letter each month to their son in the United States. The final letter in this collection was written in 1945, just after the end of World War II in Europe.&#13;
&#13;
The early group of letters describe Caroline and Wilhelm Emmel's preparations for migrating to the United States. In the second group of letters, their experiences of living with rationing and making do in the context of war are primary themes.</text>
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              <text>Ilse Baker</text>
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              <text>[&lt;em&gt;Partial translation&lt;/em&gt;]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5 November 1926&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[Father wrote this letter]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mother has caught cold and is spending today and tomorrow in bed. She has quite a head cold […]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Last Sunday, I was in Allendorf at Wilhelm’s wedding. I was supposed to leave on Saturday morning already, but could not do so because we had accepted an urgent job. Therefore, we did not leave until Sunday morning at 10:30 and arrived there at 3:45 pm, with the wedding ceremony starting at 4 pm. We celebrated quite a bit and wished the young couple all the best for the future. There were probably about 35 to 40 people present, close relatives of the young couple as well as the godparents. Those who did not have a place to sleep had to keep on celebrating throughout the night. I left at 2 am to go and sleep at Karl Hannjuste’s in-laws. I woke up at 9 am the next morning, feeling rested. There, I also saw little Heinrich from Steeden, who had been there for 6 weeks already. However, his grandfather is supposed to come and pick him up this week. I also learned there that Karl Hannjuste got engaged again to the girl about whom mother wrote earlier. I assume that he will get married sometime in the winter. We haven’t heard anything yet from the people in Steeden themselves. […] Back to the wedding celebration: Around 10 am, I returned to the house where the celebration had taken place and found about 25 people gathered again. In those parts, they extend the celebration into Monday. We were served breakfast and then, at noon, lunch. The last few people from out of town, which included me, left for the train station at 2 pm. I was back at home by 7 pm. Wilhelm and his wife intended to leave on the following day. Today I found out, however, that Wilhelm had to return on his own because an aunt of Gretchen’s died on Tuesday. Gretchen stayed to attend the funeral and is supposed to arrive in Nordenstadt tonight. Now the folks in Nordenstadt have succeeded, and the desired help is there.</text>
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                <text>Caroline Emmel and Wilhelm Emmel to Karl Emmel, November 5, 1926</text>
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